Apparatus for hair waving



Sept. 4-, 1934. DECKER 1,972,621

APPARATUS FOR HAIR WAVING Filed July 1, 1929 I N VEN TOR.

A TTORNEY.

' '1 material.

Patented Sept. 4, 1934 UNITED STATES PATET E APPARATUS FOR HAIR WAVING tion of Ohio Application July 1, 1929, Serial No. 375,181

Claims.

This invention relates to heating apparatus and is particularly adapted to use in the waving of hair upon the human head.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved heater which will be simple in construction and operation.

Another object is to provide an improved heater which will efficiently distribute heat being applied to a strand of hair.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved heater which can be easily and economically manufactured.

Other objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention will be better understood from the description of one practical embodiment thereof, illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which;

' Figure 1 is an end elevation of a heater;

Figure 2 is a side elevation thereof;

Figure 3 is a central longitudinal section taken on the line IIIIII of Figure 1; and

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line IV--IV of Figure 2.

The heater shown comprises three arcuate parts pivotally connected together, these being a central section 1, in which the heating element is contained, and two depending or side sections 2 and 3 pivoted thereto by hinge rods 4 and 5.

The central heater section 1 has an arcuate slot 6 extending throughout its length, in which is received an electrical heating element '7 which is conveniently a flattened coil of resistance wire insulated by sheets of mica or the like. After the coil has been inserted in the slot, the ends of the slot are sealed by arcuate caps 8, the marginal flanges of which may be forced into the slot and held therein by friction, or secured in any desired manner.

The central upper surface of section 1 is formed into an elongated boss 9, near the center of which are two apertures 10, through which lead-in wires connected to the heating element extend, these being insulated from the central section by washers 11 of fibre or other suitable insulating Secured to the top of the boss is a block 12 of insulating material, which may be conveniently molded of bakelite or the like, and which is provided with perforations adapted to register with those of the washers for the passage of the lead-in wires. The bottom surface of the block may have slight depending bosses surrounding these perforations and fitting within the apertures to locate block thereon.

A screw 13 extends through the center of block 12, being threaded into the upper part of section 1, and so retaining the block thereon. A conductor 14 is secured to the screw and is grounded to prevent the sections of the heater from becoming charged with electricity.

Two screws 15 are carried by the block 12 as by being threaded into bushings l6 embedded therein, and serve as terminals connecting leadin wires 17 to conductors 18, which, in turn, are connected to a source of electrical energy (not shown) such as ordinary lighting circuit.

An insulating cover 19, preferably the same material as block 12, encloses the terminals upon the upper surface of the block and is secured thereto by screws 20.

Two handles are provided for moving the sections of the heater relative each other, each consisting of a metallic arm 21 secured to one of the depending sections as by rivets 22, although it will be obvious that the handle might be formed integral with the section or have its end cast therein, welded thereto, or secured in any other desired manner.

Each handle is provided at its upper end with a grip, shown as a button 23 of insulating material, such as bakelite, spaced from the metal of the handle by a washer 24 of asbestos or other insulating material, the buttons being shown as attached by rivets 25 embedded therein and extending through the arm.

A spring 26 is interposed between the arms and maintains them apart, thus holding the sections of the heater resiliently toward each other, the central part of the spring being formed with loops engaging the sides of cover 19 to insure the arms being equally spaced therefrom.

The three sections of the heater are conveniently made of cast material, such as dye cast aluminum, which is particularly desirable because of its light weight and high heat conductivity. The upper edges of the side sections fit closely to the edges of the central section to which they are hinged by interdigitant lugs through which rods 4 and 5 pass, so that heat is readily conducted from the central section to the two side sections, and uniformly distributed throughout its length to a strand of hair clamped within the heater. The sections form a substantially continuous shell leaving no openings in its top through which the heat can escape.

However, as the depending sections decrease in thickness toward their lower edges, the radiation adjacent these edges is greater in proportion to their conductivity and is sufficient to keep them somewhat cooler than the remainder of the heater,

so that excessive heat adjacent the scalp of the subject is avoided.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The hair of the subject is divided into flat strands, a strand is gripped adjacent its roots by an elongated clamp such, for instance, as is shown in my prior application, Serial Number 347,324, filed March 15, 1929. The hair of this strand is then wound from its ends spirally, one turn upon another, upon a rod, as is also shown in the above mentioned application, and the rod secured .to the clamp.

After this, a covering of absorbent material containing a treating solution may be applied about the strand of hair, and the heater is applied by the operator pressing the handles toward each other and so separating the depending sections thereof so that it may be readily set over the wound strand. The operator then releases the handles and the spring moves them apart, causing all three sections of the heater to closely embrace the Wound strand. After this it is only necessary to supply electric current to the heating element for the time necessary to effect the desired wave. The heater then may be readily removed by pressing the handles together and lifting it off the strand. 2

Due to the three pivoted sections of the heater, these may be separated or closed any desired amount, so that strands of differing diameters may be closely embraced by the heatersections and heat efiiciently distributed to the hair throughout substantially their entire extent. The full lines in Figure 1 show the positions of the sections when applied to a strand A of small diameter while the dotted lines illustrate their positions when applied to a strand B or" larger diameter.

While I have described the illustrated embodiment of my invention in some particularity, obviously many others will readily occur to those skilled in this art, and I do not, therefore, limit myself to the precise details shown and described, but claim as my invention all variations, modifications and embodiments thereof coming within the scope of the appended claims.

adapted I claim:

1. A heater comprising three sections of arcuate cross section, a heating element carried by the central section, the other sections being pivotally connected to its edges and decreasing in thickness from their connection to their free edges.

2. A heater comprising a hollow arcuate section, an electrical heating element therein, an insulating housing upon the upper surface of said section, terminals within said housing connecting lead-in Wires from said heating element to conductors from a source of electric current, two depending heat conducting sections hingedly connected with the edges of said first mentioned section and adapted with it to surround a substantially cylindrical space, handles associated with said depending sections for separating them,

and a spring pressing the handles apart and maintaining the housing in the center of space between them.

3. A heater comprising three sections pivotally connected in heat conducting relation, a heating element carried by one of said sections and transmitting its heat by conduction throughout the others, handles carried by two of the sections for moving them apart, and a spring urging these sectioi 3 together and maintaining the third equally spaced from both of them.

4. A hairwaving heater comprising a central section containing an electrical heating element, two side sections pivotally connected thereto in heat-conducting relation, the three sections to enclose a space and distribute heat to substantially the entire periphery of this space.

5. A hair waving heater comprising three pivotally connected sections having substantial areas in heat-conducting contact, and arranged to enclose the top and sides, respectively, of a wound strand of hair, a heater associated with one of said sections, and handles connected to the other two sections.

the

GEORGE DECKER. 

